100 câu hỏi và trả lời chủ đề Thảo luận về môi trường

Học các bài khác tại: 101 bài tiếng Anh giao tiếp cơ bản full

1. Climate Change (Biến đổi khí hậu)

1. What is climate change?
   Climate change refers to long-term shifts in weather patterns due to human activities, especially the emission of greenhouse gases.
2. What causes climate change?
   It’s primarily caused by burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial activities that release CO2 and other greenhouse gases.
3. How does global warming affect the planet?
   It leads to rising sea levels, extreme weather, melting ice caps, and disruptions to ecosystems.
4. What are greenhouse gases?
   Gases like carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.
5. Why is the Paris Agreement important?
   It’s a global pact to limit global warming to below 2°C by reducing emissions and promoting sustainability.
6. How does climate change impact agriculture?
   It causes unpredictable weather, droughts, and floods, reducing crop yields and food security.
7. What is the greenhouse effect?
   The natural process where certain gases trap heat from the sun, warming the Earth; human activities intensify it.
8. Can climate change be reversed?
   It can’t be fully reversed, but reducing emissions and adopting sustainable practices can mitigate its effects.
9. What role do oceans play in climate change?
   Oceans absorb CO2 and heat, but this leads to ocean acidification and rising sea levels.
10. How does climate change affect biodiversity?
    It disrupts habitats, forcing species to adapt, migrate, or face extinction.

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2. Pollution (Ô nhiễm)

11. What is air pollution?
    Air pollution is the presence of harmful substances like particulate matter, CO2, and toxins in the air.
12. What causes water pollution?
    It’s caused by industrial waste, agricultural runoff, oil spills, and plastic waste.
13. How does plastic pollution harm marine life?
    Marine animals ingest or get entangled in plastic, leading to injury or death.
14. What is noise pollution?
    Excessive noise from traffic, industries, or construction that disrupts humans and wildlife.
15. How can we reduce air pollution?
    Use public transport, reduce fossil fuel use, and promote clean energy sources.
16. What are the effects of soil pollution?
    It reduces soil fertility, harms crops, and contaminates food chains.
17. Why is light pollution a problem?
    It disrupts ecosystems, affects wildlife behavior, and wastes energy.
18. How does industrial waste contribute to pollution?
    Factories release toxic chemicals into air, water, and soil, harming ecosystems and health.
19. What is thermal pollution?
    It’s the release of excess heat into water bodies, disrupting aquatic ecosystems.
20. How can we combat plastic pollution?
    Reduce single-use plastics, recycle, and support bans on plastic bags.

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3. Renewable Energy (Năng lượng tái tạo)

21. What is renewable energy?
    Energy from sources like solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal that are naturally replenished.
22. Why is solar energy important?
    It’s clean, sustainable, and reduces reliance on fossil fuels.
23. How does wind energy work?
    Wind turbines convert wind’s kinetic energy into electricity.
24. What are the benefits of hydropower?
    It provides reliable, clean energy and helps control floods.
25. What is geothermal energy?
    Energy harnessed from the Earth’s internal heat for electricity and heating.
26. Why should we switch to renewable energy?
    It reduces greenhouse gas emissions and combats climate change.
27. What are the challenges of renewable energy?
    High initial costs, intermittency, and the need for infrastructure upgrades.
28. How does biomass energy work?
    Organic materials like wood or waste are burned or converted to produce energy.
29. Can renewable energy replace fossil fuels entirely?
    With advancements and investment, it’s possible in the long term.
30. What role does government play in promoting renewable energy?
    Governments provide subsidies, set policies, and fund research for clean energy.

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4. Conservation and Biodiversity (Bảo tồn và Đa dạng sinh học)

31. What is biodiversity?
    The variety of life on Earth, including species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity.
32. Why is biodiversity important?
    It supports ecosystems, provides resources, and maintains ecological balance.
33. What threatens biodiversity?
    Habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and invasive species.
34. What is deforestation?
    The clearing of forests for agriculture, logging, or urban development.
35. How does deforestation affect the environment?
    It increases CO2 levels, destroys habitats, and disrupts water cycles.
36. What is a national park?
    A protected area preserving natural ecosystems and wildlife.
37. Why are coral reefs important?
    They support marine biodiversity, protect coastlines, and provide food.
38. How can we protect endangered species?
    Enforce laws, create protected areas, and reduce poaching.
39. What is reforestation?
    Planting trees to restore degraded forests and ecosystems.
40. How do invasive species harm ecosystems?
    They outcompete native species, disrupting food chains and habitats.

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5. Waste Management (Quản lý chất thải)

41. What is recycling?
    The process of converting waste into reusable materials.
42. Why is recycling important?
    It reduces landfill waste, conserves resources, and saves energy.
43. What is composting?
    Turning organic waste into nutrient-rich soil for gardening.
44. How can we reduce waste?
    Use reusable items, avoid single-use products, and recycle properly.
45. What is a landfill?
    A site for disposing of waste, often causing environmental harm.
46. How does e-waste affect the environment?
    Toxic chemicals from electronics pollute soil and water.
47. What is upcycling?
    Repurposing waste materials into new, higher-value products.
48. Why is proper waste disposal important?
    It prevents pollution and protects ecosystems and human health.
49. How can governments encourage waste reduction?
    Through policies, incentives, and public awareness campaigns.
50. What is the zero-waste movement?
    A lifestyle aiming to eliminate waste through sustainable practices.

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6. Sustainable Living (Sống bền vững)

51. What is sustainable living?
    Living in a way that meets present needs without harming future generations.
52. How can individuals live more sustainably?
    Reduce energy use, recycle, and choose eco-friendly products.
53. What is a carbon footprint?
    The total greenhouse gas emissions caused by an individual or activity.
54. How can we reduce our carbon footprint?
    Use energy-efficient appliances, eat less meat, and travel sustainably.
55. What is eco-friendly transportation?
    Using bikes, public transport, or electric vehicles to reduce emissions.
56. Why is sustainable fashion important?
    It reduces waste, pollution, and exploitation in the fashion industry.
57. What is a green building?
    A structure designed to minimize environmental impact and energy use.
58. How does organic farming help the environment?
    It avoids harmful pesticides and promotes soil health.
59. What is water conservation?
    Reducing water use to preserve this vital resource.
60. How can we conserve water at home?
    Fix leaks, use low-flow fixtures, and collect rainwater.

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7. Environmental Policies and Global Efforts (Chính sách môi trường và nỗ lực toàn cầu)

61. What is the role of the United Nations in environmental protection?
    It coordinates global efforts like the Paris Agreement and sustainable development goals.
62. What are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
    UN goals to address global challenges, including climate action and clean energy.
63. Why do we need environmental laws?
    To regulate pollution, protect ecosystems, and ensure sustainability.
64. What is carbon trading?
    A system where companies buy or sell carbon emission allowances.
65. How do international agreements help the environment?
    They unite countries to tackle global issues like climate change and pollution.
66. What is the Kyoto Protocol?
    An international treaty to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
67. How do NGOs contribute to environmental protection?
    They raise awareness, fund projects, and advocate for policy changes.
68. What is the role of education in environmental protection?
    It informs people about issues and encourages sustainable behavior.
69. What is greenwashing?
    When companies falsely claim their products are environmentally friendly.
70. How can citizens influence environmental policies?
    By voting, advocating, and participating in public campaigns.

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8. Environmental Challenges (Thách thức môi trường)

71. What is desertification?
    The process where fertile land becomes desert due to drought or overuse.
72. How does overpopulation affect the environment?
    It increases resource demand, leading to deforestation and pollution.
73. What is ocean acidification?
    Increased CO2 absorption makes oceans more acidic, harming marine life.
74. Why are wildfires becoming more frequent?
    Climate change causes hotter, drier conditions, fueling wildfires.
75. What is urban sprawl?
    Uncontrolled urban expansion that destroys natural habitats.
76. How does mining harm the environment?
    It causes deforestation, soil erosion, and water contamination.
77. What is the impact of overfishing?
    It depletes fish stocks and disrupts marine ecosystems.
78. Why is soil erosion a problem?
    It reduces agricultural productivity and causes sedimentation in rivers.
79. What is the ozone layer depletion?
    The thinning of the ozone layer due to chemicals like CFCs, increasing UV radiation.
80. How does tourism affect the environment?
    It can cause pollution, habitat destruction, and resource overuse.

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9. Personal Actions for the Environment (Hành động cá nhân vì môi trường)

81. How can I help fight climate change?
    Reduce energy use, support renewables, and advocate for change.
82. Why should we plant trees?
    Trees absorb CO2, provide oxygen, and support biodiversity.
83. How can I reduce plastic use?
    Use reusable bags, bottles, and containers.
84. What is the benefit of eating less meat?
    It reduces methane emissions and deforestation from livestock farming.
85. How can I save energy at home?
    Turn off lights, use LED bulbs, and unplug devices when not in use.
86. Why is it important to support local farmers?
    It reduces transportation emissions and promotes sustainable agriculture.
87. How can I participate in environmental activism?
    Join cleanups, sign petitions, or support green organizations.
88. What is the impact of using reusable products?
    They reduce waste and the need for single-use items.
89. How can I educate others about the environment?
    Share knowledge, organize events, or use social media.
90. Why should we avoid fast fashion?
    It contributes to waste, pollution, and poor labor conditions.

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10. Future of the Environment (Tương lai của môi trường)

91. What is the future of renewable energy?
    It’s expected to grow with better technology and lower costs.
92. How will climate change affect future generations?
    They may face resource shortages, extreme weather, and migration challenges.
93. What is green technology?
    Innovations designed to reduce environmental impact, like electric vehicles.
94. Can technology solve environmental problems?
    It can help, but lifestyle changes and policies are also crucial.
95. What is carbon capture technology?
    It captures CO2 emissions from industries to store or reuse them.
96. How will cities adapt to climate change?
    Through green infrastructure, sustainable transport, and resilient urban planning.
97. What is the role of youth in environmental protection?
    They drive awareness, innovation, and activism for sustainability.
98. Will electric vehicles replace gas-powered cars?
    Likely, as they become cheaper and infrastructure improves.
99. What is the circular economy?
    An economic system focused on reusing, recycling, and reducing waste.
100. Can we achieve a sustainable future?
     Yes, with global cooperation, innovation, and collective action.