Câu điều kiện là một dạng ngữ pháp điều kiện hỗn hợp và điều kiện 0, 1, 2, 3.
Câu điều kiện loại 0 (Zero Conditional)
- Công thức: If + hiện tại đơn, hiện tại đơn.
- Sử dụng: Để diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên, các sự kiện luôn đúng.
- Ví dụ:
- If you heat water to 100°C, it boils. (Nếu bạn đun nước đến 100°C, nó sẽ sôi.)
Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional)
- Công thức: If + hiện tại đơn, tương lai đơn (will + V).
- Sử dụng: Để diễn tả sự kiện có thể xảy ra trong tương lai.
- Ví dụ:
- If it rains, we will cancel the picnic. (Nếu trời mưa, chúng tôi sẽ hủy buổi dã ngoại.)
Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Second Conditional)
- Công thức: If + quá khứ đơn, would + V (động từ nguyên mẫu).
- Sử dụng: Để diễn tả sự kiện không có thật ở hiện tại hoặc ít có khả năng xảy ra.
- Ví dụ:
- If I were rich, I would travel the world. (Nếu tôi giàu, tôi sẽ du lịch khắp thế giới.)
Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Third Conditional)
- Công thức: If + quá khứ hoàn thành, would have + V (quá khứ phân từ).
- Sử dụng: Để diễn tả sự kiện không có thật trong quá khứ, điều kiện không thể xảy ra vì đã qua rồi.
- Ví dụ:
- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. (Nếu tôi học chăm chỉ hơn, tôi đã vượt qua kỳ thi rồi.)
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp (Mixed Conditional)
Điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 1
- Công thức: If + quá khứ hoàn thành, would + V (động từ nguyên mẫu).
- Sử dụng: Để diễn tả kết quả của một điều kiện trong quá khứ ảnh hưởng đến hiện tại.
- Ví dụ:
- If I had saved more money, I would be able to buy a car now. (Nếu tôi tiết kiệm nhiều tiền hơn, bây giờ tôi đã có thể mua được xe hơi rồi.)
Điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2
- Công thức: If + quá khứ đơn, would have + V (quá khứ phân từ).
- Sử dụng: Để diễn tả một điều kiện hiện tại không có thật và kết quả của nó trong quá khứ.
- Ví dụ:
- If I were you, I would have taken that job offer. (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi đã nhận lời mời làm việc đó rồi.)
Dưới đây là 100 bài tập về các câu điều kiện từ 0 đến 3 và điều kiện hỗn hợp. Các bài tập này sẽ giúp bạn rèn luyện khả năng sử dụng các loại câu điều kiện trong tiếng Anh.
Câu điều kiện loại 0 (Zero Conditional)
- If you _____ (heat) ice, it _____ (melt).
- If you _____ (mix) red and blue, you _____ (get) purple.
- If water _____ (reach) 100°C, it _____ (boil).
- If it _____ (rain), the ground _____ (get) wet.
- If you _____ (drop) a glass, it _____ (break).
Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional)
- If it _____ (rain) tomorrow, we _____ (cancel) the picnic.
- If you _____ (study) hard, you _____ (pass) the exam.
- If she _____ (call) me, I _____ (tell) her the news.
- If they _____ (arrive) on time, we _____ (start) the meeting.
- If you _____ (eat) too much, you _____ (get) sick.
Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Second Conditional)
- If I _____ (be) rich, I _____ (travel) the world.
- If he _____ (have) a car, he _____ (drive) to work.
- If we _____ (live) in the city, we _____ (go) to the theater more often.
- If she _____ (know) his number, she _____ (call) him.
- If they _____ (like) sports, they _____ (join) the team.
Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Third Conditional)
- If I _____ (study) harder, I _____ (pass) the exam.
- If he _____ (leave) earlier, he _____ (catch) the train.
- If we _____ (book) the tickets, we _____ (see) the show.
- If she _____ (ask) for help, I _____ (give) it to her.
- If they _____ (plan) better, they _____ (avoid) the problems.
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 1
- If I _____ (save) more money, I _____ (be able) to buy a car now.
- If he _____ (take) the job, he _____ (be) happier now.
- If we _____ (start) earlier, we _____ (be) there by now.
- If she _____ (study) more, she _____ (know) the answer now.
- If they _____ (move) to the city, they _____ (have) a better life now.
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2
- If I _____ (be) you, I _____ (take) that job offer.
- If he _____ (be) taller, he _____ (become) a basketball player.
- If we _____ (be) smarter, we _____ (invest) in that company.
- If she _____ (be) braver, she _____ (tell) him the truth.
- If they _____ (be) more careful, they _____ (avoid) the accident.
Bài tập nâng cao (Mixed and Conditional Types)
- If I _____ (know) her address, I _____ (visit) her yesterday.
- If you _____ (work) harder, you _____ (have) a better job now.
- If he _____ (be) on time, we _____ (not miss) the plane.
- If we _____ (save) enough money, we _____ (buy) the house next month.
- If she _____ (listen) to me, she _____ (not be) in trouble now.
- If they _____ (practice) more, they _____ (win) the game.
- If I _____ (be) you, I _____ (apply) for the scholarship last year.
- If he _____ (pay) attention, he _____ (understand) the lecture.
- If we _____ (have) a map, we _____ (not get) lost.
- If she _____ (cook) dinner, we _____ (eat) earlier.
Bài tập ứng dụng thực tế
- If you _____ (press) this button, the machine _____ (start).
- If you _____ (need) help, just _____ (ask) me.
- If the weather _____ (be) good, we _____ (go) hiking.
- If you _____ (drink) this, you _____ (feel) better.
- If she _____ (finish) her homework, she _____ (go) out to play.
- If we _____ (hurry), we _____ (catch) the bus.
- If you _____ (speak) English, you _____ (get) a better job.
- If they _____ (be) friends, they _____ (help) each other.
- If I _____ (win) the lottery, I _____ (buy) a new house.
- If you _____ (eat) your vegetables, you _____ (be) healthy.
Các câu điều kiện khác
- If it _____ (snow), we _____ (stay) at home.
- If you _____ (go) to the store, _____ (buy) some milk.
- If he _____ (be) at home, he _____ (answer) the phone.
- If we _____ (take) a taxi, we _____ (arrive) on time.
- If she _____ (read) the book, she _____ (understand) the topic.
- If they _____ (play) well, they _____ (win) the match.
- If I _____ (have) time, I _____ (visit) you tomorrow.
- If you _____ (study) tonight, you _____ (pass) the test.
- If he _____ (drive) carefully, he _____ (not have) an accident.
- If we _____ (go) to the beach, we _____ (have) fun.
Bài tập bổ sung
- If she _____ (wear) a coat, she _____ (not be) cold.
- If they _____ (be) quiet, they _____ (see) the deer.
- If I _____ (find) the keys, I _____ (open) the door.
- If you _____ (feel) tired, _____ (take) a nap.
- If it _____ (be) sunny, we _____ (have) a picnic.
- If he _____ (ask) nicely, she _____ (help) him.
- If we _____ (prepare) well, we _____ (succeed).
- If she _____ (get) a job, she _____ (move) to the city.
- If they _____ (call) us, we _____ (go) to the party.
- If I _____ (see) him, I _____ (tell) him the news.
Bài tập khó hơn
- If you _____ (not hurry), you _____ (miss) the bus.
- If she _____ (study) harder, she _____ (get) better grades.
- If it _____ (rain), we _____ (not go) to the park.
- If he _____ (come) home early, we _____ (watch) a movie.
- If we _____ (know) the answer, we _____ (tell) you.
- If you _____ (be) careful, you _____ (not break) it.
- If I _____ (have) a car, I _____ (drive) to the mountains.
- If she _____ (speak) French, she _____ (get) the job.
- If they _____ (practice) more, they _____ (improve).
- If we _____ (see) him, we _____ (ask) about it.
Các bài tập thực hành thêm
- If I _____ (go) to bed early, I _____ (feel) better tomorrow.
- If you _____ (buy) this book, you _____ (learn) a lot.
- If he _____ (visit) Paris, he _____ (see) the Eiffel Tower.
- If we _____ (eat) out, we _____ (try) the new restaurant.
- If she _____ (take) the train, she _____ (arrive) on time.
- If they _____ (rent) a car, they _____ (explore) the city.
- If I _____ (win) the game, I _____ (celebrate).
- If you _____ (watch) this movie, you _____ (enjoy) it.
- If he _____ (be) my friend, he _____ (support) me.
- If we _____ (travel) to Japan, we _____ (visit) Tokyo.
Các bài tập thử thách
- If I _____ (lose) my wallet, I _____ (be) in trouble.
- If you _____ (bake) a cake, I _____ (help) you.
- If he _____ (finish) his work, he _____ (go) home.
- If we _____ (play) this game, we _____ (have) fun.
- If she _____ (take) a break, she _____ (feel) better.
- If they _____ (move) to a new house, they _____ (invite) us.
- If I _____ (find) a job, I _____ (save) money.
- If you _____ (make) a mistake, _____ (apologize).
- If he _____ (call) you, _____ (answer) the phone.
- If we _____ (plan) a trip, we _____ (choose) a destination.
Dưới đây là các bài tập dạng gap-filling với đáp án được bôi đậm:
Câu điều kiện loại 0 (Zero Conditional)
- If you heat ice, it melts.
- If you mix red and blue, you get purple.
- If water reaches 100°C, it boils.
- If it rains, the ground gets wet.
- If you drop a glass, it breaks.
Câu điều kiện loại 1 (First Conditional)
- If it rains tomorrow, we will cancel the picnic.
- If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
- If she calls me, I will tell her the news.
- If they arrive on time, we will start the meeting.
- If you eat too much, you will get sick.
Câu điều kiện loại 2 (Second Conditional)
- If I were rich, I would travel the world.
- If he had a car, he would drive to work.
- If we lived in the city, we would go to the theater more often.
- If she knew his number, she would call him.
- If they liked sports, they would join the team.
Câu điều kiện loại 3 (Third Conditional)
- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
- If he had left earlier, he would have caught the train.
- If we had booked the tickets, we would have seen the show.
- If she had asked for help, I would have given it to her.
- If they had planned better, they would have avoided the problems.
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 1
- If I had saved more money, I would be able to buy a car now.
- If he had taken the job, he would be happier now.
- If we had started earlier, we would be there by now.
- If she had studied more, she would know the answer now.
- If they had moved to the city, they would have a better life now.
Câu điều kiện hỗn hợp loại 2
- If I were you, I would have taken that job offer.
- If he were taller, he would have become a basketball player.
- If we were smarter, we would have invested in that company.
- If she were braver, she would have told him the truth.
- If they were more careful, they would have avoided the accident.
Bài tập nâng cao (Mixed and Conditional Types)
- If I had known her address, I would have visited her yesterday.
- If you had worked harder, you would have a better job now.
- If he had been on time, we would not have missed the plane.
- If we save enough money, we will buy the house next month.
- If she had listened to me, she would not be in trouble now.
- If they had practiced more, they would have won the game.
- If I were you, I would have applied for the scholarship last year.
- If he had paid attention, he would have understood the lecture.
- If we had had a map, we would not have gotten lost.
- If she had cooked dinner, we would have eaten earlier.
Bài tập ứng dụng thực tế
- If you press this button, the machine starts.
- If you need help, just ask me.
- If the weather is good, we will go hiking.
- If you drink this, you will feel better.
- If she finishes her homework, she will go out to play.
- If we hurry, we will catch the bus.
- If you speak English, you will get a better job.
- If they are friends, they help each other.
- If I win the lottery, I will buy a new house.
- If you eat your vegetables, you will be healthy.
Các câu điều kiện khác
- If it snows, we will stay at home.
- If you go to the store, buy some milk.
- If he is at home, he will answer the phone.
- If we take a taxi, we will arrive on time.
- If she reads the book, she will understand the topic.
- If they play well, they will win the match.
- If I have time, I will visit you tomorrow.
- If you study tonight, you will pass the test.
- If he drives carefully, he will not have an accident.
- If we go to the beach, we will have fun.
Bài tập bổ sung
- If she wears a coat, she will not be cold.
- If they are quiet, they will see the deer.
- If I find the keys, I will open the door.
- If you feel tired, take a nap.
- If it is sunny, we will have a picnic.
- If he asks nicely, she will help him.
- If we prepare well, we will succeed.
- If she gets a job, she will move to the city.
- If they call us, we will go to the party.
- If I see him, I will tell him the news.
Bài tập khó hơn
- If you do not hurry, you will miss the bus.
- If she studies harder, she will get better grades.
- If it rains, we will not go to the park.
- If he comes home early, we will watch a movie.
- If we know the answer, we will tell you.
- If you are careful, you will not break it.
- If I have a car, I will drive to the mountains.
- If she speaks French, she will get the job.
- If they practice more, they will improve.
- If we see him, we will ask about it.
Các bài tập thực hành thêm
- If I go to bed early, I will feel better tomorrow.
- If you buy this book, you will learn a lot.
- If he visits Paris, he will see the Eiffel Tower.
- If we eat out, we will try the new restaurant.
- If she takes the train, she will arrive on time.
- If they rent a car, they will explore the city.
- If I win the game, I will celebrate.
- If you watch this movie, you will enjoy it.
- If he is my friend, he will support me.
- If we travel to Japan, we will visit Tokyo.
Các bài tập thử thách
- If I lose my wallet, I will be in trouble.
- If you bake a cake, I will help you.
- If he finishes his work, he will go home.
- If we play this game, we will have fun.
- If she takes a break, she will feel better.
- If they move to a new house, they will invite us.
- If I find a job, I will save money.
- If you make a mistake, apologize.
- If he calls you, answer the phone.
- If we plan a trip, we will choose a destination.
Đọc thêm: Sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ như thế nào?
