Sử dụng cụm từ như “consequently”, “as a result”

Cụm từ chỉ kết quả như “consequently” và “as a result” được sử dụng để liên kết các câu và ý tưởng, chỉ ra kết quả hoặc hậu quả của một hành động hoặc tình huống trước đó.

1. “Consequently”

Cách sử dụng:

Vị trí trong câu: Thường đứng ở giữa hoặc cuối câu, sau dấu chấm hoặc dấu chấm phẩy.
Cấu trúc câu: [Mệnh đề nguyên nhân], consequently, [mệnh đề kết quả].

Ví dụ:

She forgot to set her alarm, consequently, she was late for work.
The project deadline was moved up, consequently we had to work overtime to complete it.

Chú ý: “Consequently” thường mang tính trang trọng hơn và phù hợp với văn viết học thuật hoặc chuyên nghiệp.

2. “As a result”

Cách sử dụng:

Vị trí trong câu: Thường đứng ở giữa hoặc cuối câu, thường là sau dấu chấm hoặc dấu chấm phẩy. Có thể đứng đầu câu nhưng cần theo sau bởi một dấu phẩy.
Cấu trúc câu: [Mệnh đề nguyên nhân]. [Mệnh đề kết quả], as a result.

Ví dụ:

The company increased its prices. As a result, many customers decided to shop elsewhere.
She studied hard for the exam. As a result, she received a high score.

Chú ý: “As a result” có thể dùng trong cả văn viết trang trọng và văn nói, và thường được dùng khi muốn giải thích một kết quả cụ thể từ một hành động hoặc tình huống.

Ví dụ so sánh:

Sử dụng “consequently”
- The weather was extremely hot and humid. Consequently, the park was nearly empty.
Sử dụng “as a result”
- The company implemented new training programs. As a result, employee productivity increased significantly.

Những cụm từ tương tự:

Therefore: The meeting was cancelled. Therefore, we need to reschedule.
Hence: The project was completed ahead of schedule, hence the early release date.
Thus: The software was updated, thus improving its performance.

Bài tập

The company cut costs last year. _____, they were able to increase profits.
She missed the bus this morning. _____, she arrived late at work.
The new policy was implemented. _____, employee satisfaction improved.
The team worked overtime. _____, they completed the project on time.
He didn’t follow the instructions. _____, the device didn’t work properly.
The weather forecast was accurate. _____, we brought umbrellas to the picnic.
The restaurant was overcrowded. _____, we decided to eat somewhere else.
She forgot to set her alarm. _____, she missed her morning meeting.
The school extended the deadline. _____, more students were able to submit their work.
The training session was very informative. _____, the staff performed better in their roles.
The internet was down all day. _____, we couldn’t access any online resources.
The meeting was rescheduled. _____, we had to adjust our plans.
The new software was installed. _____, the system became more efficient.
The book was a bestseller. _____, the author received several awards.
She practiced every day. _____, her performance improved significantly.
The road was closed for construction. _____, traffic was redirected through side streets.
The company launched a new product. _____, sales increased dramatically.
He studied hard for the exam. _____, he passed with flying colors.
The proposal was well-received. _____, the project was approved.
The repair was completed quickly. _____, the machine was back in operation.
The power went out during the event. _____, the backup generator kicked in.
The promotion was announced. _____, there was a noticeable increase in customer interest.
The flight was delayed. _____, we missed our connecting flight.
The report was submitted late. _____, there were penalties imposed.
The class was cancelled. _____, students were given extra homework.
The concert tickets sold out quickly. _____, many fans were disappointed.
The store had a big sale. _____, there was a long line at the checkout.
The job offer was accepted. _____, he started his new position last week.
The workshop was very engaging. _____, participants left with new skills.
The instructions were unclear. _____, many people made mistakes.
The event was a huge success. _____, the organizers received positive feedback.
The deadline was moved up. _____, everyone had to work extra hours.
The policy change was announced. _____, employees had to adapt quickly.
The package was delivered late. _____, the recipient was not happy.
The seminar was informative. _____, attendees gained valuable insights.
The car broke down on the highway. _____, they had to call for roadside assistance.
The software update caused problems. _____, the technical support team was overwhelmed.
The lecture was very interesting. _____, students participated actively in the discussion.
The project was under budget. _____, the team received a bonus.
The flight was overbooked. _____, some passengers were bumped to a later flight.
The meeting was productive. _____, several new ideas were generated.
The proposal was rejected. _____, the team had to revise it.
The service was slow. _____, the customers complained to the manager.
The book was poorly written. _____, it did not receive good reviews.
The new policy was difficult to implement. _____, it caused confusion among employees.
The restaurant received a bad review. _____, it saw a decline in customers.
The job application was submitted late. _____, it was not considered for the position.
The team won the championship. _____, there was a celebration at the office.
The product was recalled. _____, many customers returned it to the store.
The student missed several classes. _____, their grades suffered.
The event was poorly organized. _____, attendees were disappointed.
The test results were positive. _____, the patient received a clean bill of health.
The presentation was impressive. _____, the client decided to sign the contract.
The policy was adjusted. _____, it better met the needs of the employees.
The shipment arrived damaged. _____, the company had to send replacements.
The film received great reviews. _____, it won several awards.
The website crashed during the sale. _____, many customers were unable to make purchases.
The recommendation was followed. _____, the project improved significantly.
The proposal was delayed. _____, the project start date was pushed back.
The car was serviced regularly. _____, it ran smoothly for years.
The team collaborated effectively. _____, they completed the project ahead of schedule.
The software was user-friendly. _____, employees adapted to it quickly.
The book was well-researched. _____, it became a reference in its field.
The training was intensive. _____, employees acquired new skills rapidly.
The offer was generous. _____, many candidates accepted it.
The event was well-attended. _____, the organizers considered it a success.
The email was sent to the wrong address. _____, the intended recipient did not receive it.
The design was modern and sleek. _____, it was well-received by customers.
The meeting was scheduled for the wrong time. _____, many participants were unable to attend.
The equipment was outdated. _____, it caused frequent malfunctions.
The class was cancelled due to weather. _____, the students were given an extension on their assignments.
The weather was perfect for the outdoor event. _____, everyone had a great time.
The book was adapted into a movie. _____, it gained a larger audience.
The software had a glitch. _____, the developers quickly released a fix.
The product launch was successful. _____, the company saw a significant increase in sales.
The research was thorough. _____, the findings were widely accepted in the academic community.
The meeting was rescheduled. _____, everyone was notified in advance.
The promotion was well-publicized. _____, there was a high turnout.
The concert was sold out. _____, many fans were left disappointed.
The new system was implemented. _____, operational efficiency improved.
The design was innovative. _____, it won several design awards.
The website was user-friendly. _____, visitors spent more time browsing.
The presentation was engaging. _____, the audience asked many questions.
The feedback was positive. _____, the product continued to be developed.
The shipment was delayed. _____, customers received their orders late.
The competition was fierce. _____, only the top entries were selected.
The process was streamlined. _____, productivity increased.
The class was overbooked. _____, additional sessions had to be arranged.
The documentary was insightful. _____, it sparked a lot of discussion.
The sale attracted many customers. _____, the store had to restock items quickly.
The new manager was hired. _____, there was a noticeable improvement in team morale.
The seminar was cancelled. _____, participants were given a full refund.
The proposal was accepted. _____, work on the project began immediately.
The test was challenging. _____, students studied intensively.
The report was detailed. _____, it provided a comprehensive analysis of the situation.
The application was processed quickly. _____, the applicant received a response sooner than expected.
The event was a success. _____, it led to several new opportunities for the organization.
The team faced several obstacles. _____, they managed to overcome them and succeed.
The office was renovated. _____, employees reported higher job satisfaction.
The product was discontinued. _____, customers had to find alternatives.