Câu phức với “while” và “whereas”: Sử dụng để chỉ sự tương phản

Từ “while” và “whereas” thường được sử dụng để kết nối hai mệnh đề trong một câu phức, nhằm chỉ ra sự tương phản hoặc đối lập giữa hai ý tưởng. Cả hai từ này đều có nghĩa gần giống nhau, tuy nhiên có một số khác biệt nhỏ trong cách sử dụng:

1. While

“While” có thể được dùng để chỉ sự tương phản, nhưng nó cũng thường mang ý nghĩa chỉ thời gian, tức là một hành động đang diễn ra trong khi một hành động khác cũng đang diễn ra. Tuy nhiên, khi sử dụng để chỉ sự tương phản, “while” làm nổi bật sự khác biệt giữa hai hành động hoặc trạng thái.

Ví dụ:

Contrasting: While John likes pizza, Mary prefers pasta. (Trong khi John thích pizza, Mary lại thích pasta.)
Time: While I was cooking, the phone rang. (Trong khi tôi đang nấu ăn, điện thoại reo.)

2. Whereas

“Whereas” được sử dụng chủ yếu để chỉ sự đối lập hoặc tương phản giữa hai mệnh đề. Nó mang tính trang trọng hơn so với “while” và không có nghĩa chỉ thời gian.

Ví dụ:

Whereas John is a morning person, his brother prefers to stay up late. (Trong khi John là người thích dậy sớm, em trai anh ấy lại thích thức khuya.)

3. Sự khác biệt giữa “while” và “whereas”

“While” có thể linh hoạt hơn khi sử dụng cả để chỉ thời gian và sự tương phản. Trong khi đó, “whereas” mang tính trang trọng hơn và chỉ dùng để chỉ sự tương phản.
“While” có thể đứng đầu câu hoặc giữa câu, còn “whereas” thường được đặt ở giữa câu.

Bài tập

___________ Sarah loves chocolate, her sister dislikes it.
___________ it was raining, we decided to go for a walk.
John prefers to work early in the morning, ___________ his brother works better at night.
___________ some people prefer the beach, others enjoy the mountains.
She is very talkative, ___________ her brother is quiet.
___________ I was studying, my friend was watching TV.
The city is crowded and noisy, ___________ the countryside is calm and peaceful.
___________ Mark enjoys playing football, his friend prefers basketball.
My mom cooks every evening, ___________ my dad usually orders takeout.
___________ the meeting was going on, he was checking his emails.
___________ the teacher was explaining the lesson, some students were chatting.
Lisa likes coffee, ___________ her friend prefers tea.
___________ I was reading, my cat was sleeping on my lap.
The book was interesting, ___________ the movie was boring.
___________ some people enjoy loud music, others find it annoying.
___________ he was running late, she was already at the venue.
___________ she prefers fiction, he enjoys reading non-fiction.
___________ the sun was setting, the birds were singing.
___________ I like summer, my brother prefers winter.
She was nervous before the exam, ___________ her friend was calm.
___________ they were discussing the project, I was taking notes.
___________ some students were working hard, others were procrastinating.
___________ the teacher was talking, the students were listening attentively.
___________ the old man was sitting quietly, the children were playing noisily.
___________ Tom likes spicy food, his wife prefers mild flavors.
___________ I was waiting for the bus, it started to rain.
___________ some people enjoy traveling, others prefer staying at home.
___________ the audience was applauding, the performer took a bow.
___________ my friend is outgoing, I am more introverted.
___________ it was cold outside, we stayed indoors.
___________ the cat was sleeping, the dog was barking.
___________ I was cooking, my husband was setting the table.
___________ the movie was interesting, the ending was disappointing.
___________ the kids were playing, the adults were chatting.
___________ she is very organized, her roommate is quite messy.
___________ we were waiting in line, she was browsing her phone.
___________ the train was arriving, the passengers were getting ready.
___________ the teacher was explaining, the students were taking notes.
___________ she enjoys running, he prefers cycling.
___________ I was studying for the exam, my brother was playing video games.
___________ the weather was warm, we decided to go for a swim.
___________ some people find cats aloof, others think they are affectionate.
___________ the sun was shining, we decided to go on a picnic.
___________ she was reading a book, her sister was listening to music.
___________ the teacher was grading papers, the students were taking a test.
___________ I was finishing my work, my colleague was chatting.
___________ the show was entertaining, the food was not good.
___________ some people enjoy cooking, others find it tedious.
___________ I was cleaning the house, my friend was relaxing.
___________ the dog was barking, the baby was sleeping.
___________ she was practicing piano, her brother was playing guitar.
___________ some students are quick learners, others take more time.
___________ I was looking for my keys, my sister found them.
___________ the car was being repaired, we took the bus.
___________ I like to wake up early, my partner prefers to sleep in.
___________ the team was winning, the fans were cheering loudly.
___________ the dinner was delicious, the dessert was too sweet.
___________ some people are very punctual, others are often late.
___________ she enjoys painting, her friend prefers photography.
___________ the movie was thrilling, the ending was predictable.
___________ I was getting ready, the phone rang.
___________ she was baking a cake, her daughter was decorating it.
___________ some people love roller coasters, others are afraid of them.
___________ the sun was setting, the sky turned orange.
___________ he is very active, his brother is quite lazy.
___________ I was shopping for groceries, I met an old friend.
___________ the music was playing, everyone was dancing.
___________ the children were watching a movie, the parents were talking.
___________ the lesson was going on, some students were sleeping.
___________ she enjoys gardening, her husband prefers reading.
___________ it was snowing, we decided to stay home.
___________ the teacher was checking homework, the students were reviewing notes.
___________ she was working, her kids were playing in the yard.
___________ I was reading the instructions, my friend was setting up the tent.
___________ the soup was too salty, the salad was perfect.
___________ he was fixing the car, I was cleaning the garage.
___________ she is very organized, her friend is a bit messy.
___________ the weather was hot, we decided to stay indoors.
___________ I was packing, my roommate was checking the tickets.
___________ some people love spicy food, others can’t handle it.
___________ the concert was loud, the sound quality was poor.
___________ I was working late, my family was already asleep.
___________ she prefers city life, he enjoys living in the countryside.
___________ the dog was barking, the cat was hiding.
___________ I was on vacation, my colleague was covering my work.
___________ the party was fun, the music was too loud.
___________ I was taking a shower, the phone rang.
___________ she was studying, her brother was playing games.
___________ I like action movies, my friend prefers comedies.
___________ the meeting was happening, I was reading my emails.
___________ the food was delicious, the service was slow.
___________ he was reading a book, his friend was watching TV.
___________ some people prefer tea, others like coffee.
___________ I was doing my homework, my sister was watching a movie.
___________ the plane was taking off, I felt nervous.
___________ the sun was rising, the birds were singing.
___________ I like to go out on weekends, my friend prefers staying home.
___________ she was speaking, everyone was listening carefully.
___________ the train was late, we waited patiently.
___________ she was drawing, her brother was coloring.