Cụm danh động từ (gerund phrases) trong tiếng Anh là các cụm từ mà danh động từ (gerund) đứng đầu và được theo sau bởi các phần khác như danh từ, tính từ, trạng từ hoặc cụm từ bổ nghĩa. Chúng thường được sử dụng để biểu đạt các hành động, ý tưởng hoặc trạng thái mà không cần phải sử dụng động từ chính trong câu.

1. Cấu Trúc Cụm Danh Động Từ

Cụm danh động từ bao gồm:

1. Danh động từ (gerund): Là động từ thêm “-ing” để sử dụng như một danh từ.
   • Ví dụ: “running,” “swimming,” “reading.”
2. Các phần mở rộng hoặc bổ nghĩa: Có thể là danh từ, tính từ, trạng từ hoặc các cụm từ.
   • Ví dụ: “swimming in the ocean,” “reading books before bed.”

2. Cách Sử Dụng Cụm Danh Động Từ

2.1. Làm Chủ Ngữ

• Cụm danh động từ có thể làm chủ ngữ trong câu.
  • Example: “Reading books before bed helps me relax.”
    • (Đọc sách trước khi đi ngủ giúp tôi thư giãn.)

2.2. Làm Tân Ngữ

• Cụm danh động từ có thể làm tân ngữ của động từ.
  • Example: “She enjoys playing the piano.”
    • (Cô ấy thích chơi đàn piano.)

2.3. Làm Bổ Ngữ

• Cụm danh động từ có thể làm bổ ngữ cho một số động từ hoặc tính từ.
  • Example: “His passion is building model airplanes.”
    • (Niềm đam mê của anh ấy là xây dựng mô hình máy bay.)

2.4. Sau Một Số Giới Từ

• Cụm danh động từ thường được sử dụng sau các giới từ.
  • Example: “She is interested in learning new languages.”
    • (Cô ấy quan tâm đến việc học các ngôn ngữ mới.)

• Cụm danh động từ bao gồm danh động từ cộng với các phần bổ nghĩa.
• Chúng có thể làm chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, bổ ngữ, hoặc theo sau giới từ.
• Sử dụng cụm danh động từ giúp tạo ra các câu phức tạp hơn và diễn đạt rõ ràng hơn về hành động hoặc trạng thái.

Bài tập

1. ________ is one of her favorite pastimes.
2. They are excited about ________ a new project next year.
3. His success in ________ his goals is impressive.
4. She is responsible for ________ the weekly team meetings.
5. ________ is necessary for achieving personal growth.
6. The company focuses on ________ innovative solutions.
7. We need to consider ________ more training for the staff.
8. Her passion for ________ has driven her career forward.
9. ________ requires a lot of dedication and hard work.
10. He was praised for ________ the challenging task efficiently.
11. They spent hours ________ the details of the project.
12. ________ will help you gain a better understanding of the subject.
13. The manager is committed to ________ customer satisfaction.
14. She avoided ________ any sensitive issues during the discussion.
15. Their goal is ________ a more eco-friendly production process.
16. The team discussed ________ the product launch date.
17. She is looking forward to ________ her new role in the company.
18. ________ can be a great way to relieve stress.
19. He succeeded in ________ the company’s sales targets.
20. They are interested in ________ the upcoming industry trends.
21. The book focuses on ________ effective communication skills.
22. ________ should be a priority for all new employees.
23. The project involves ________ detailed market research.
24. She took pride in ________ the presentation so well.
25. Their strategy includes ________ new customer acquisition techniques.
26. ________ has been an essential part of the team’s success.
27. He was dedicated to ________ the quality of the final product.
28. They are excited about ________ the new office space.
29. The workshop will focus on ________ leadership skills.
30. ________ helps to improve problem-solving abilities.
31. She was nervous about ________ the difficult decision alone.
32. The report is about ________ the recent market developments.
33. ________ should be carefully planned and executed.
34. The team is working on ________ the software bugs.
35. They need to discuss ________ the project timeline.
36. His role involves ________ new employee orientations.
37. She is enthusiastic about ________ her language skills.
38. ________ can provide valuable insights into consumer behavior.
39. The goal is ________ a more inclusive workplace culture.
40. They are focused on ________ the company’s online presence.
41. ________ can be a useful tool in personal development.
42. He avoided ________ the controversial topic during the meeting.
43. The company emphasizes ________ regular team-building activities.
44. ________ can often lead to better decision-making.
45. She is known for ________ the most challenging projects.
46. Their approach involves ________ data from various sources.
47. He is committed to ________ the project’s success.
48. ________ is essential for maintaining a healthy work-life balance.
49. They are planning on ________ new marketing strategies.
50. The manager is responsible for ________ the team’s performance.
51. ________ can help you adapt to changing circumstances.
52. She was praised for ________ the complex problem.
53. The workshop focuses on ________ conflict resolution techniques.
54. They are interested in ________ advanced technologies.
55. ________ can improve communication within the team.
56. His success in ________ the project’s objectives is noteworthy.
57. They are excited about ________ their new software.
58. ________ is crucial for maintaining productivity.
59. She is looking forward to ________ her skills in the workshop.
60. The team is responsible for ________ the client’s needs.
61. He avoided ________ any details about the upcoming changes.
62. ________ can provide valuable feedback for improvement.
63. Their strategy includes ________ new business opportunities.
64. She is enthusiastic about ________ the new system.
65. ________ can often reveal hidden insights about performance.
66. The goal is ________ a more efficient workflow.
67. They are focused on ________ the product’s market position.
68. ________ can help you stay organized and productive.
69. He was dedicated to ________ the project within the deadline.
70. The report involves ________ recent industry trends.
71. She is excited about ________ her new responsibilities.
72. ________ helps in understanding complex concepts better.
73. They need to plan for ________ the project’s future needs.
74. The manager is focused on ________ team productivity.
75. ________ can often enhance your ability to lead effectively.
76. She avoided ________ sensitive topics during the conversation.
77. Their approach involves ________ customer feedback regularly.
78. He is enthusiastic about ________ innovative solutions.
79. ________ can be a key factor in achieving long-term success.
80. The project includes ________ the new marketing plan.
81. She is responsible for ________ the project’s budget.
82. ________ can provide insight into market trends and opportunities.
83. They are focused on ________ the efficiency of the process.
84. He was excited about ________ the new technology.
85. ________ can improve teamwork and collaboration.
86. The team discussed ________ new strategies for growth.
87. She is committed to ________ her professional development.
88. ________ is crucial for adapting to new challenges.
89. He avoided ________ the topic of financial issues.
90. The project requires ________ a comprehensive analysis.
91. They are excited about ________ the latest trends in the industry.
92. ________ can enhance problem-solving capabilities.
93. She was praised for ________ the challenging assignment.
94. Their strategy involves ________ customer engagement.
95. He is looking forward to ________ his new role.
96. ________ is essential for achieving project milestones.
97. The report focuses on ________ the recent changes in regulations.
98. She is responsible for ________ the project deadlines.
99. ________ can help in improving operational efficiency.
100. They are excited about ________ the upcoming product launch.

Đáp án

1. Gardening
2. Starting
3. Achieving
4. Organizing
5. Continuous learning
6. Developing
7. Providing
8. Writing
9. Practicing regularly
10. Completing
11. Discussing
12. Studying history
13. Improving
14. Mentioning
15. Creating
16. Changing
17. Starting
18. Exercise
19. Meeting
20. Exploring
21. Developing
22. Time management
23. Conducting
24. Delivering
25. Implementing
26. Effective communication
27. Maintaining
28. Moving into
29. Developing
30. Reading books
31. Making
32. Analyzing
33. Strategic planning
34. Fixing
35. Adjusting
36. Conducting
37. Improving
38. Market research
39. Establishing
40. Enhancing
41. Time management
42. Discussing
43. Organizing
44. Feedback
45. Tackling
46. Collecting
47. Ensuring
48. Self-care
49. Implementing
50. Monitoring
51. Setting goals
52. Solving
53. Addressing
54. Adopting
55. Team-building exercises
56. Reaching
57. Launching
58. Consistency
59. Enhancing
60. Understanding
61. Revealing
62. Customer feedback
63. Exploring
64. Implementing
65. Continuous improvement
66. Developing
67. Strengthening
68. Organization
69. Completing
70. Evaluating
71. Taking on
72. Learning from experience
73. Planning
74. Implementing
75. Adapting
76. Solving
77. Collecting
78. Implementing
79. Research
80. Adopting
81. Conducting
82. Analyzing
83. Improving
84. Launching
85. Organizing
86. Analyzing
87. Developing
88. Implementing
89. Updating
90. Researching
91. Expanding
92. Reviewing
93. Solving
94. Creating
95. Adopting
96. Monitoring
97. Analyzing
98. Managing
99. Planning
100. Launching