Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ (past participle phrase) trong tiếng Anh thường được sử dụng để cung cấp thêm thông tin về danh từ hoặc đại từ trong câu. Chúng thường giúp làm rõ hoặc mở rộng ý nghĩa của câu bằng cách thêm chi tiết về cách hoặc khi một hành động xảy ra.

Cách Sử Dụng Cụm Từ Phân Từ Quá Khứ

1. Thay thế một mệnh đề quan hệ: Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ có thể thay thế cho mệnh đề quan hệ, giúp câu gọn gàng hơn.
   • Ví dụ:
     • Mệnh đề quan hệ: The book that was written by the author became a bestseller.
     • Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ: The book written by the author became a bestseller.
2. Cung cấp thêm thông tin: Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ có thể thêm thông tin về một danh từ hoặc đại từ, cho biết tình trạng hoặc kết quả của một hành động.
   • Ví dụ:
     • Câu đơn giản: The cake was delicious.
     • Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ: Baked yesterday, the cake was delicious.
3. Diễn tả nguyên nhân hoặc kết quả: Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ có thể được dùng để giải thích nguyên nhân hoặc kết quả của một hành động.
   • Ví dụ:
     • Nguyên nhân: Hurt by the criticism, she decided to quit the project.
     • Kết quả: Finished with the report, he left the office early.

Các Ví Dụ Cụ Thể

1. The housebuilt last yearis already showing signs of wear.
   • (Ngôi nhà được xây dựng vào năm ngoái đã bắt đầu có dấu hiệu hư hỏng.)
2. The moviedirected by Spielbergwas a major success.
   • (Bộ phim do Spielberg đạo diễn đã thành công lớn.)
3. The letterwritten by Johnwas sent to the wrong address.
   • (Bức thư do John viết đã được gửi đến địa chỉ sai.)
4. The bookpublished last monthhas received excellent reviews.
   • (Cuốn sách được xuất bản tháng trước đã nhận được những đánh giá xuất sắc.)
5. The projectcompleted ahead of schedulereceived praise from the client.
   • (Dự án hoàn thành trước thời hạn đã nhận được lời khen ngợi từ khách hàng.)

Những Lưu Ý Khi Sử Dụng

• Vị trí trong câu: Cụm từ phân từ quá khứ thường đứng gần danh từ mà nó bổ sung thông tin, nhưng có thể đứng đầu câu, giữa câu hoặc cuối câu.
• Tính rõ ràng: Đảm bảo rằng cụm từ phân từ quá khứ không gây nhầm lẫn về đối tượng hoặc hành động.

Việc sử dụng cụm từ phân từ quá khứ giúp làm cho câu văn rõ ràng, súc tích và dễ hiểu hơn bằng cách cung cấp thêm thông tin mà không cần thêm các mệnh đề phức tạp.

Bài tập về cụm phân từ quá khứ trong tiếng Anh

1. The book _______ by the famous author is on the bestseller list.
2. The house _______ last year needs some repairs.
3. The letter _______ yesterday was lost in the mail.
4. The movie _______ by the renowned director won several awards.
5. The project _______ ahead of schedule received high praise.
6. The cake _______ yesterday was delicious.
7. The car _______ by the mechanic runs smoothly now.
8. The song _______ by the artist became a hit.
9. The results _______ this morning show significant improvements.
10. The report _______ late was reviewed thoroughly.
11. The email _______ earlier today was not received.
12. The contract _______ last week needs to be reviewed again.
13. The package _______ to the wrong address was returned.
14. The novel _______ in the 19th century is still popular today.
15. The project _______ last month was highly successful.
16. The lecture _______ by the professor was very informative.
17. The food _______ by the chef was excellent.
18. The dress _______ by the fashion house is stunning.
19. The website _______ recently has attracted many visitors.
20. The film _______ last year received critical acclaim.
21. The job _______ went well, but the decision is pending.
22. The event _______ by the committee was a success.
23. The test _______ yesterday was challenging.
24. The software _______ last week has improved performance.
25. The conference _______ by the team was very productive.
26. The apartment _______ last month is still available.
27. The instructions _______ were clear and concise.
28. The proposal _______ by the board was innovative.
29. The song _______ at the concert was well-received.
30. The book _______ by the teacher was very interesting.
31. The report _______ yesterday is now being reviewed.
32. The strategy _______ by the marketing team was effective.
33. The painting _______ by the artist is displayed in the gallery.
34. The results _______ after the campaign were impressive.
35. The article _______ by the journalist won an award.
36. The flight _______ due to weather conditions has been rescheduled.
37. The furniture _______ by the technician is now ready to use.
38. The course _______ successfully has received positive feedback.
39. The advice _______ by the expert was valuable.
40. The computer _______ last week is working perfectly.
41. The photos _______ during the event are fantastic.
42. The plan _______ by the manager was well-received.
43. The survey _______ last month provided useful insights.
44. The letter _______ by the assistant needs to be proofread.
45. The design _______ before the deadline was approved.
46. The data _______ revealed some interesting trends.
47. The play _______ by the actors was engaging.
48. The dress _______ for the event was elegant.
49. The problem _______ quickly saved us a lot of time.
50. The email _______ by the team was detailed.
51. The exhibition _______ by the museum was impressive.
52. The address _______ in the system was correct.
53. The workshop _______ last week covered important topics.
54. The application _______ thoroughly was approved.
55. The meeting _______ for tomorrow has been postponed.
56. The machine _______ is now working accurately.
57. The analysis _______ showed significant results.
58. The project _______ with care turned out great.
59. The room _______ for the party looked wonderful.
60. The presentation _______ in advance was well-received.
61. The guide _______ detailed instructions was helpful.
62. The case _______ carefully led to new findings.
63. The service _______ by the company was excellent.
64. The news _______ this morning was surprising.
65. The computer _______ quickly is now functioning well.
66. The book _______ recently is a bestseller.
67. The recipe _______ exactly produced a delicious meal.
68. The equipment _______ last week is now operational.
69. The proposal _______ to the board was detailed.
70. The seminar _______ by the expert was informative.
71. The car _______ before the trip was sparkling clean.
72. The materials _______ for the research were extensive.
73. The script _______ by the playwright was engaging.
74. The structure _______ last year withstood the test of time.
75. The document _______ late was reviewed carefully.
76. The house _______ recently looks brand new.
77. The campaign _______ last month had a significant impact.
78. The proposal _______ was revised and resubmitted.
79. The map _______ for the guide was detailed.
80. The survey _______ by the participants was analyzed.
81. The data _______ provided valuable insights.
82. The test _______ showed improved results.
83. The recommendation _______ by the advisor was helpful.
84. The email _______ to the team was important.
85. The results _______ were promising.
86. The program _______ in-house has been successful.
87. The team _______ on the project delivered excellent results.
88. The scholarship _______ for by many students was competitive.
89. The documentary _______ last year is now available online.
90. The book _______ from the library was very informative.
91. The strategy _______ led to increased sales.
92. The tool _______ for the project was efficient.
93. The test _______ with flying colors was a major achievement.
94. The conference _______ by the team was a success.
95. The email _______ for the client needs to be finalized.
96. The problem _______ by the manager was resolved.
97. The service _______ by the company exceeded expectations.
98. The issue _______ was fixed promptly.
99. The research _______ has been published in a journal.
100. The proposal _______ to the committee was well-prepared.

Đáp án

1. Written
2. Built
3. Sent
4. Directed
5. Completed
6. Baked
7. Repaired
8. Written
9. Published
10. Submitted
11. Sent
12. Signed
13. Delivered
14. Written
15. Finished
16. Given
17. Prepared
18. Designed
19. Launched
20. Produced
21. Interviewed
22. Organized
23. Administered
24. Updated
25. Attended
26. Rented
27. Provided
28. Accepted
29. Performed
30. Recommended
31. Filed
32. Developed
33. Created
34. Achieved
35. Written
36. Canceled
37. Assembled
38. Completed
39. Given
40. Upgraded
41. Taken
42. Outlined
43. Conducted
44. Drafted
45. Finalized
46. Analyzed
47. Performed
48. Chosen
49. Solved
50. Written
51. Curated
52. Updated
53. Hosted
54. Reviewed
55. Scheduled
56. Calibrated
57. Completed
58. Designed
59. Decorated
60. Prepared
61. Provided
62. Examined
63. Offered
64. Broadcast
65. Repaired
66. Published
67. Followed
68. Installed
69. Presented
70. Conducted
71. Washed
72. Collected
73. Written
74. Built
75. Submitted
76. Painted
77. Launched
78. Rejected
79. Drawn
80. Filled
81. Collected
82. Passed
83. Made
84. Forwarded
85. Announced
86. Developed
87. Worked
88. Applied
89. Filmed
90. Borrowed
91. Implemented
92. Used
93. Passed
94. Organized
95. Drafted
96. Addressed
97. Provided
98. Reported
99. Conducted
100. Submitted