Câu phủ định kép trong tiếng Anh (double negatives) xảy ra khi có hai từ hoặc cụm từ mang nghĩa phủ định trong cùng một câu.

1. Cấu trúc với “Not” và từ phủ định khác

Khi bạn sử dụng “not” cùng với một từ mang nghĩa phủ định khác như “nothing,” “nobody,” “no one,” “never,”… thì câu sẽ trở thành phủ định kép.

• Ví dụ:
  • Incorrect: I don’t know nothing about it. (Không đúng vì có hai từ phủ định “don’t” và “nothing” cùng xuất hiện, làm cho câu có nghĩa khẳng định.)
  • Correct: I don’t know anything about it. (Chỉ dùng một từ phủ định để thể hiện ý phủ định.)

2. Cấu trúc với “Never” và “Not”

Đôi khi, trong văn nói hoặc văn viết không trang trọng, phủ định kép có thể được sử dụng để nhấn mạnh ý phủ định.

• Ví dụ:
  • Incorrect: I can’t never understand him. (Không đúng vì có hai từ phủ định “can’t” và “never”.)
  • Correct: I can never understand him. (Chỉ cần một từ phủ định là đủ.)

3. Cấu trúc với “Barely,” “Hardly,” “Scarcely”

Những từ này cũng mang nghĩa phủ định nhẹ. Khi chúng xuất hiện cùng với “not” hoặc các từ phủ định khác, câu có thể trở thành phủ định kép không chính xác.

• Ví dụ:
  • Incorrect: She didn’t barely eat anything. (Không đúng vì cả “didn’t” và “barely” đều mang nghĩa phủ định.)
  • Correct: She barely ate anything. (Dùng từ “barely” mà không cần thêm từ phủ định khác.)

4. Sử dụng câu phủ định kép trong văn phong không chính thức

Trong một số trường hợp, đặc biệt trong văn phong không chính thức hoặc trong các phương ngữ, câu phủ định kép được dùng để nhấn mạnh ý phủ định.

• Ví dụ:
  • He ain’t done nothing wrong. (Được dùng trong một số phương ngữ hoặc văn nói để nhấn mạnh rằng người đó không làm gì sai.)

Trong tiếng Anh chuẩn, phủ định kép thường không được khuyến khích vì nó có thể gây nhầm lẫn hoặc làm câu trở thành khẳng định. Tuy nhiên, trong một số trường hợp đặc biệt hoặc phương ngữ, nó vẫn được sử dụng.

Bài tập

1. I don’t want ________ trouble with anyone.
2. She didn’t say ________ during the meeting.
3. They haven’t ________ finished their homework.
4. He can’t ________ understand what you’re saying.
5. We don’t have ________ to worry about.
6. She never goes ________ on weekends.
7. I can’t find my keys ________.
8. He didn’t see ________ at the park.
9. They won’t ________ agree to those terms.
10. She doesn’t know ________ about the accident.
11. I haven’t heard ________ from him lately.
12. He can’t do ________ right these days.
13. We don’t need ________ help from outsiders.
14. She hasn’t eaten ________ all day.
15. They didn’t bring ________ to the party.
16. He never does ________ without consulting me first.
17. I can’t remember ________ about that incident.
18. She doesn’t have ________ to wear to the event.
19. They haven’t gone ________ interesting lately.
20. He can’t find ________ to solve this problem.
21. We don’t believe ________ he says.
22. She didn’t buy ________ at the store.
23. I haven’t met ________ who can help us.
24. He can’t understand ________ of this document.
25. They don’t have ________ to complain about.
26. She never reads ________ before bed.
27. I can’t see ________ in this darkness.
28. He didn’t hear ________ during the conversation.
29. We haven’t received ________ feedback yet.
30. She doesn’t trust ________ easily.
31. They can’t go ________ without permission.
32. He hasn’t done ________ productive today.
33. I don’t feel ________ after that meal.
34. She didn’t find ________ interesting in the museum.
35. They never speak ________ about their plans.
36. He can’t recall ________ from that night.
37. We don’t expect ________ to change soon.
38. She hasn’t written ________ in her diary lately.
39. I didn’t notice ________ unusual in the room.
40. He can’t drink ________ because he’s driving.
41. They don’t allow ________ to enter without ID.
42. She never brings ________ to lunch.
43. I can’t imagine ________ worse than this.
44. He didn’t take ________ from the office.
45. We haven’t planned ________ for the weekend.
46. She doesn’t owe ________ to anyone.
47. They can’t afford ________ expensive right now.
48. He hasn’t told ________ about his decision.
49. I don’t recognize ________ in this photo.
50. She didn’t feel ________ after the workout.
51. They never watch ________ on television.
52. He can’t find ________ to wear for the interview.
53. We don’t have ________ to add to the discussion.
54. She hasn’t visited ________ in that city.
55. I didn’t buy ________ at the market.
56. He can’t remember ________ from his childhood.
57. They don’t see ________ wrong with the plan.
58. She never does ________ without reason.
59. I can’t hear ________ over this noise.
60. He didn’t bring ________ to the meeting.
61. We haven’t achieved ________ significant yet.
62. She doesn’t eat ________ with gluten.
63. They can’t understand ________ in this lecture.
64. He hasn’t received ________ emails today.
65. I don’t want ________ to interfere with our work.
66. She didn’t notice ________ strange about him.
67. They never go ________ without informing us.
68. He can’t do ________ about the situation now.
69. We don’t trust ________ with sensitive information.
70. She hasn’t told ________ about her plans.
71. I didn’t find ________ interesting in the book.
72. He can’t see ________ without his glasses.
73. They don’t need ________ from us anymore.
74. She never accepts ________ without questioning it.
75. I can’t think of ________ to say.
76. He didn’t leave ________ for us to follow.
77. We haven’t heard ________ from the committee.
78. She doesn’t allow ________ to disturb her work.
79. They can’t make ________ without proper resources.
80. He hasn’t done ________ to solve the issue.
81. I don’t believe ________ you just said.
82. She didn’t save ________ from her salary.
83. They never keep ________ to themselves.
84. He can’t tell ________ about the secret project.
85. We don’t have ________ to present today.
86. She hasn’t prepared ________ for the exam.
87. I didn’t see ________ suspicious around here.
88. He can’t feel ________ in his fingers due to cold.
89. They don’t appreciate ________ we do for them.
90. She never wears ________ too flashy.
91. I can’t find ________ suitable for the occasion.
92. He didn’t learn ________ from the workshop.
93. We haven’t received ________ invitations yet.
94. She doesn’t drink ________ with caffeine.
95. They can’t tolerate ________ disrespect.
96. He hasn’t bought ________ new in months.
97. I don’t understand ________ of what he explained.
98. She didn’t hear ________ during the announcement.
99. They never take ________ for granted.
100. He can’t write ________ without inspiration.

Đáp án

1. any
2. anything
3. yet
4. even
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6. anywhere
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9. ever
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