Mệnh đề đồng vị: Sử dụng mệnh đề đồng vị để làm rõ danh từ

Mệnh đề đồng vị (appositive clauses) là công cụ hữu ích trong tiếng Anh để làm rõ, giải thích hoặc bổ sung thông tin cho danh từ hoặc cụm danh từ. Chúng thường được sử dụng để cung cấp thông tin chi tiết hơn về một danh từ và giúp văn bản hoặc câu trở nên rõ ràng và phong phú hơn.

1. Mệnh đề đồng vị là gì?

Mệnh đề đồng vị là một phần của câu mà đứng gần hoặc ngay sau danh từ để cung cấp thông tin bổ sung về danh từ đó. Mệnh đề đồng vị có thể là một cụm danh từ, một mệnh đề danh từ (noun clause), hoặc một mệnh đề quan hệ (relative clause).

2. Cấu trúc cơ bản

Danh từ + Mệnh đề đồng vị

Ví dụ:

“My brother, a skilled musician, is performing tonight.”
- Danh từ: My brother
- Mệnh đề đồng vị: a skilled musician
“The city of Paris, which is known for its rich history, attracts millions of tourists every year.”
- Danh từ: The city of Paris
- Mệnh đề đồng vị: which is known for its rich history

3. Cách sử dụng mệnh đề đồng vị

Nhằm giải thích thêm thông tin: Mệnh đề đồng vị thường được sử dụng để giải thích hoặc mở rộng thông tin về một danh từ.
- “Jane Austen, the author of ‘Pride and Prejudice’, is celebrated for her novels.”
Để cung cấp thông tin cụ thể: Mệnh đề đồng vị có thể cung cấp thông tin cụ thể về người, địa điểm, sự việc, hoặc đối tượng.
- “The Great Wall of China, a historic structure that stretches over 13,000 miles, is a UNESCO World Heritage site.”
Để xác định danh từ: Mệnh đề đồng vị giúp xác định hoặc làm rõ danh từ bằng cách cung cấp thêm chi tiết.
- “My friend Alice, who recently moved to New York, is coming to visit.”

4. Sử dụng dấu phẩy với mệnh đề đồng vị

Mệnh đề đồng vị không cần thiết: Nếu mệnh đề đồng vị cung cấp thông tin bổ sung không thiết yếu (thông tin thêm mà không cần để hiểu danh từ), sử dụng dấu phẩy.
- “William Shakespeare, a famous playwright, wrote many renowned plays.”
Mệnh đề đồng vị cần thiết: Nếu mệnh đề đồng vị là cần thiết để xác định hoặc làm rõ danh từ, thường không sử dụng dấu phẩy.
- “The novel that she recommended is a bestseller.”

Bài tập

The author, ______, has written several bestsellers.
My sister, ______, is moving to California next month.
The restaurant, ______, has received rave reviews from critics, is located downtown.
His car, ______, was parked outside, has been stolen.
The movie, ______, is a box-office hit, was released last week.
Their house, ______, needs renovation, is over 100 years old.
The professor, ______, teaches at Harvard, is known for his research in physics.
The museum, ______, houses ancient artifacts, is a popular tourist attraction.
The city, ______, has a rich cultural heritage, is known for its festivals.
The book, ______, was published last year, has become a bestseller.
The gadget, ______, is equipped with the latest technology, has received excellent reviews.
Her cat, ______, loves to play with strings, is very playful.
The singer, ______, performed at the concert, is famous for her powerful voice.
The project, ______, is expected to be completed by next year, is highly anticipated.
The athlete, ______, won the gold medal, trains every day.
The restaurant, ______, offers a diverse menu, is very popular among locals.
The smartphone, ______, has a high-resolution camera, was released recently.
His job, ______, requires extensive travel, is very demanding.
The book, ______, she lent me, was fascinating.
The film, ______, received several awards, was directed by a renowned filmmaker.
The professor, ______, specializes in environmental science, will give a lecture tomorrow.
The company, ______, has expanded globally, is headquartered in New York.
The dog, ______, barks loudly at strangers, is very protective.
The house, ______, has a beautiful garden, is up for sale.
The song, ______, she played on the piano, is very catchy.
The artist, ______, is known for his abstract paintings, will be featured in an exhibition next month.
The novel, ______, I borrowed from the library, was quite engaging.
The software, ______, has many new features, is available for download now.
The car, ______, he bought last year, has been in the shop for repairs.
The new policy, ______, was implemented last week, aims to improve employee satisfaction.
The conference, ______, will be held next month, is focusing on renewable energy.
The book, ______, was recommended by a friend, turned out to be a great read.
The scientist, ______, discovered a new species, will be honored at a ceremony.
The holiday, ______, is celebrated worldwide, brings people together.
The website, ______, offers a range of online courses, is very user-friendly.
The gym, ______, has state-of-the-art equipment, is located near my home.
The city, ______, was hit by a major storm, is still recovering from the damage.
The museum, ______, displays ancient artifacts, is a must-visit for history enthusiasts.
The laptop, ______, was a gift from her parents, has a sleek design.
The show, ______, has a large fan base, will be returning for a new season.
The seminar, ______, is designed for professionals, covers advanced topics in marketing.
The recipe, ______, she found online, turned out to be delicious.
The painting, ______, was created by a famous artist, is now in a private collection.
The city, ______, is known for its historical landmarks, attracts many tourists each year.
The article, ______, appeared in the latest issue of the magazine, was very informative.
The new book, ______, has been getting great reviews, will be launched next week.
The event, ______, is scheduled for Friday, will feature several guest speakers.
The dress, ______, she wore to the party, was stunning.
The application, ______, helps users manage their schedules, is very popular.
The company, ______, produces high-quality electronics, has been in business for over 50 years.
The novel, ______, is set in the 19th century, explores themes of love and betrayal.
The musician, ______, performed at the festival, is known for his jazz compositions.
The new park, ______, was opened last month, includes walking trails and a playground.
The lecture, ______, covered the topic of climate change, was very enlightening.
The product, ______, has innovative features, was launched last quarter.
The car, ______, was in a minor accident, is still in good condition.
The report, ______, was prepared by the research team, contains detailed statistics.
The actor, ______, won the award for best performance, has been in the industry for decades.
The vacation, ______, was planned for months, was a great success.
The course, ______, is offered online, is ideal for busy professionals.
The gadget, ______, was designed for convenience, is a bestseller.
The movie, ______, is based on a true story, has received critical acclaim.
The apartment, ______, is located in the city center, has breathtaking views.
The new software, ______, is designed to enhance productivity, is now available for purchase.
The artist, ______, creates intricate sculptures, will be holding a workshop next week.
The research, ______, was published in a leading journal, has significant implications for the field.
The program, ______, offers financial aid to students, is highly competitive.
The class, ______, is part of the summer curriculum, covers advanced topics in biology.
The novel, ______, she has been reading, is a historical drama.
The gadget, ______, was released last year, has quickly become a favorite among tech enthusiasts.
The play, ______, was performed at the local theater, received rave reviews.
The company, ______, has introduced new eco-friendly products, is leading the industry in sustainability.
The seminar, ______, was attended by industry leaders, provided valuable insights.
The vehicle, ______, has excellent fuel efficiency, is perfect for long drives.
The facility, ______, offers a range of recreational activities, is popular with families.
The service, ______, provides 24/7 support, is essential for many businesses.
The musician, ______, was praised for his performance, is known for his improvisational skills.
The trip, ______, was full of adventure, included hiking and sightseeing.
The exhibit, ______, featured rare artifacts, attracted a lot of visitors.
The program, ______, is available for free, is highly recommended for beginners.
The show, ______, has a loyal audience, has been on air for over a decade.
The app, ______, simplifies task management, has a user-friendly interface.
The neighborhood, ______, has undergone significant development, is becoming more desirable.
The chef, ______, is known for his culinary skills, will be opening a new restaurant.
The article, ______, explores recent technological advancements, is published in a leading magazine.
The facility, ______, was recently renovated, now includes modern amenities.
The book, ______, was adapted into a movie, has captivated readers for years.
The software, ______, is designed for data analysis, is widely used in research.
The athlete, ______, broke several records, is training for the upcoming Olympics.
The project, ______, is aimed at reducing waste, has received funding from several organizations.
The concert, ______, was held in the central park, featured several popular bands.
The event, ______, was organized by a local charity, raised significant funds for cancer research.
The training, ______, is provided by industry experts, is crucial for career advancement.
The workshop, ______, focuses on digital marketing, will be held at the community center.
The company, ______, is known for its innovative products, has won multiple awards.
The park, ______, has beautiful walking trails, is a great place for a weekend getaway.
The guide, ______, provides detailed information about the city, is very helpful for tourists.
The research, ______, investigates the impact of climate change, has received international recognition.
The device, ______, has advanced features, is popular among tech enthusiasts.
The festival, ______, celebrates local traditions, attracts visitors from around the country.