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Thể bị động với “get”: Sử dụng “get” trong thể bị động

Ngoài việc sử dụng động từ “be” để tạo thể bị động (passive voice), ta còn có thể sử dụng “get” để diễn đạt một số tình huống cụ thể. Cách sử dụng “get” trong thể bị động thường mang tính chất không chính thức, và nhấn mạnh hành động xảy ra hơn là kết quả.

1. Cấu trúc chung

  • Chủ ngữ + get + quá khứ phân từ (past participle)
  • Ví dụ:
    • “The window got broken.” (Cửa sổ bị vỡ.)
    • “She got promoted.” (Cô ấy được thăng chức.)

2. Khi nào sử dụng “get” thay vì “be”?

  • Khi muốn diễn đạt hành động xảy ra một cách bất ngờ hoặc ngoài ý muốn:
    • “He got fired.” (Anh ấy bị sa thải.)
    • “My phone got stolen.” (Điện thoại của tôi bị trộm.)
  • Khi hành động có tác động trực tiếp đến người nói hoặc người nghe:
    • “I got invited to the party.” (Tôi được mời đến bữa tiệc.)
  • Trong các tình huống không trang trọng hoặc hàng ngày:
    • “The car got washed.” (Xe đã được rửa.)

3. Phân biệt giữa “get” và “be” trong thể bị động:

  • “Be” thường được sử dụng trong văn phong trang trọng hoặc khi nhấn mạnh kết quả của hành động.
    • Ví dụ: “The report was written by the manager.” (Báo cáo được viết bởi quản lý.)
  • “Get” thường dùng trong ngữ cảnh không chính thức và khi nhấn mạnh quá trình xảy ra hành động.
    • Ví dụ: “The report got written by the manager yesterday.” (Báo cáo đã được viết bởi quản lý hôm qua.)

4. Lưu ý

  • Không phải lúc nào cũng có thể thay thế “be” bằng “get” trong thể bị động. “Get” thường không được sử dụng trong các câu có tính chất trang trọng hoặc văn phong học thuật.
  • “Get” trong thể bị động thường không phù hợp với các trạng thái kéo dài hoặc tình trạng cố định.
    • Ví dụ: “The house was built in 1900.” (Ngôi nhà được xây dựng vào năm 1900.) -> Không dùng “get” trong câu này.

Bài tập

  1. The cake __________ eaten by the children.
  2. He __________ fired after the incident.
  3. The window __________ broken during the storm.
  4. My car __________ towed yesterday.
  5. The project __________ completed on time.
  6. The door __________ locked before we left.
  7. The dog __________ taken to the vet.
  8. His wallet __________ stolen last night.
  9. The letter __________ sent this morning.
  10. The house __________ sold last week.
  11. The package __________ delivered in the afternoon.
  12. She __________ promoted last month.
  13. The meeting __________ cancelled at the last minute.
  14. The book __________ published in 2021.
  15. The computer __________ fixed by a technician.
  16. My phone __________ lost at the party.
  17. The invitation __________ received yesterday.
  18. The laundry __________ done by the maid.
  19. The groceries __________ bought this morning.
  20. The cake __________ baked by my mom.
  21. The bridge __________ repaired after the accident.
  22. The song __________ played on the radio.
  23. The picture __________ hung on the wall.
  24. The trash __________ taken out by the janitor.
  25. The car __________ washed by the neighbor.
  26. The homework __________ done by all the students.
  27. The letter __________ mailed yesterday.
  28. The movie __________ watched by the whole family.
  29. The plants __________ watered by the gardener.
  30. The floor __________ cleaned by the staff.
  31. The exam __________ postponed until next week.
  32. The window __________ shattered during the storm.
  33. The alarm __________ set for 6 AM.
  34. The contract __________ signed by both parties.
  35. The house __________ painted last summer.
  36. The table __________ set for dinner.
  37. The proposal __________ rejected by the committee.
  38. The computer __________ rebooted after the update.
  39. The door __________ opened by a stranger.
  40. The car __________ repaired by the mechanic.
  41. The cake __________ eaten by the guests.
  42. The room __________ reserved for the meeting.
  43. The fence __________ damaged in the storm.
  44. The documents __________ filed by the secretary.
  45. The car __________ stolen last night.
  46. The prize __________ awarded to the winner.
  47. The letter __________ typed on the computer.
  48. The mail __________ delivered in the morning.
  49. The bill __________ paid last week.
  50. The plant __________ watered every day.
  51. The pizza __________ ordered for dinner.
  52. The TV __________ turned on by the remote.
  53. The bike __________ stolen from the garage.
  54. The gift __________ wrapped in colorful paper.
  55. The car __________ parked outside.
  56. The meeting __________ postponed until next week.
  57. The report __________ submitted on time.
  58. The food __________ prepared by the chef.
  59. The assignment __________ finished by the deadline.
  60. The movie __________ reviewed by the critics.
  61. The lights __________ turned off before leaving.
  62. The song __________ recorded in a studio.
  63. The furniture __________ moved to a new room.
  64. The document __________ scanned for errors.
  65. The cake __________ decorated beautifully.
  66. The laptop __________ charged overnight.
  67. The test __________ passed by all students.
  68. The phone __________ repaired at the shop.
  69. The car __________ filled with gas.
  70. The room __________ cleaned by the hotel staff.
  71. The bag __________ left at the station.
  72. The tickets __________ bought online.
  73. The key __________ found under the mat.
  74. The book __________ returned to the library.
  75. The project __________ started last week.
  76. The task __________ assigned to the new employee.
  77. The letter __________ translated into French.
  78. The website __________ updated yesterday.
  79. The video __________ uploaded to the internet.
  80. The order __________ processed quickly.
  81. The bed __________ made by the hotel staff.
  82. The note __________ written on the board.
  83. The app __________ downloaded on the phone.
  84. The project __________ discussed in the meeting.
  85. The event __________ planned months in advance.
  86. The email __________ sent to all employees.
  87. The phone __________ answered by the assistant.
  88. The door __________ locked by the janitor.
  89. The glass __________ broken during the party.
  90. The work __________ finished by the team.
  91. The contract __________ extended for another year.
  92. The computer __________ upgraded with new software.
  93. The trash __________ taken out by the neighbor.
  94. The job __________ offered to the best candidate.
  95. The decision __________ made by the CEO.
  96. The game __________ played by the children.
  97. The cake __________ cut by the birthday girl.
  98. The suitcase __________ packed the night before.
  99. The presentation __________ given by the manager.
  100. The trip __________ planned for next summer.

Đáp án

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