Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Present Perfect Continuous Tense) được sử dụng để diễn tả các hành động hoặc trạng thái đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ và vẫn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại hoặc đã kết thúc gần đây với một ảnh hưởng rõ ràng đến hiện tại. Đây là cách sử dụng và cấu trúc của thì này trong tiếng Anh:

1. Cấu Trúc của Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn

• Khẳng định:
  • S + have/has + been + V-ing
  • Ví dụ:
    • I have been studying English for three years. (Tôi đã học tiếng Anh trong ba năm.)
    • She has been working at the company since January. (Cô ấy đã làm việc tại công ty từ tháng Giêng.)
• Phủ định:
  • S + have/has + not + been + V-ing
  • Ví dụ:
    • They have not been traveling for a long time. (Họ đã không đi du lịch trong một thời gian dài.)
    • He has not been feeling well lately. (Gần đây anh ấy không cảm thấy khỏe.)
• Câu hỏi:
  • Have/Has + S + been + V-ing?
  • Ví dụ:
    • Have you been reading that book? (Bạn có đang đọc cuốn sách đó không?)
    • Has she been working on the project all day? (Cô ấy có đang làm việc trên dự án cả ngày không?)

2. Cách Sử Dụng Thì Hiện Tại Hoàn Thành Tiếp Diễn

• Diễn Tả Một Hành Động Bắt Đầu Trong Quá Khứ và Vẫn Tiếp Tục Đến Hiện Tại:
  • Ví dụ:
    • We have been waiting for you for an hour. (Chúng tôi đã chờ bạn trong một giờ đồng hồ.)
    • She has been learning Spanish since last year. (Cô ấy đã học tiếng Tây Ban Nha từ năm ngoái.)
• Diễn Tả Một Hành Động Đã Kết Thúc Gần Đây Với Một Ảnh Hưởng Rõ Ràng Đến Hiện Tại:
  • Ví dụ:
    • I’m tired because I have been running. (Tôi mệt mỏi vì tôi đã chạy.)
    • They are covered in paint because they have been decorating the house. (Họ bị dính sơn vì họ đã trang trí nhà.)
• Diễn Tả Một Hành Động Lặp Đi Lặp Lại Trong Quá Khứ và Tiếp Tục Ở Hiện Tại:
  • Ví dụ:
    • She has been calling me every day. (Cô ấy đã gọi cho tôi mỗi ngày.)
    • We have been visiting our grandparents regularly. (Chúng tôi đã thăm ông bà của mình thường xuyên.)

3. Các Từ và Cụm Từ Thường Được Sử Dụng

• Thời Gian: for, since, lately, recently, all day, the whole week, etc.
  • Ví dụ:
    • He has been working on the report all morning. (Anh ấy đã làm việc trên báo cáo cả buổi sáng.)
    • They have been traveling since last summer. (Họ đã đi du lịch từ mùa hè năm ngoái.)
• Nhấn Mạnh Thời Gian Hành Động: How long (bao lâu), for (trong), since (kể từ khi)
  • Ví dụ:
    • How long have you been studying here? (Bạn đã học ở đây bao lâu?)
    • We have been living here for five years. (Chúng tôi đã sống ở đây được năm năm.)
• Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn được sử dụng để mô tả các hành động đã bắt đầu trong quá khứ và vẫn tiếp tục ở hiện tại hoặc đã kết thúc gần đây với ảnh hưởng rõ ràng.
• Cấu trúc chính bao gồm: have/has been + V-ing.
• Thường được sử dụng với các từ chỉ thời gian như for, since, lately, recently.

Bài tập

1. I __________ here for five years.
2. She __________ that book all morning.
3. They __________ the new bridge for several months.
4. We __________ for the test since last week.
5. He __________ football every Saturday for years.
6. My parents __________ in this city since they got married.
7. She __________ for her friend for over an hour.
8. They __________ their house for the last few weeks.
9. I __________ to reach you since this morning.
10. We __________ that movie yet.
11. He __________ on his project all day.
12. She __________ the piano for two hours every day.
13. The company __________ its services over the past year.
14. They __________ the plans since early this morning.
15. I __________ Spanish for six months.
16. He __________ for the marathon for several weeks.
17. She __________ for a new job since last month.
18. We __________ the event for the past few days.
19. They __________ across Europe for three weeks.
20. I __________ better after taking the medicine.
21. She __________ her novel for two years.
22. He __________ on the report all week.
23. We __________ dinner since 7 p.m.
24. They __________ to their new house recently.
25. She __________ for the exam for the past few days.
26. I __________ TV for the past few hours.
27. They __________ the topic for their presentation.
28. He __________ at the gym every day this month.
29. We __________ our vacation so far.
30. She __________ on the phone for two hours.
31. They __________ for the meeting all week.
32. I __________ dinner for the past hour.
33. She __________ the newspaper since this morning.
34. We __________ the house all day.
35. They __________ chess for the past few days.
36. He __________ emails for the past hour.
37. She __________ on her thesis for months.
38. I __________ English for years.
39. They __________ the new software since last year.
40. We __________ this series for a few weeks.
41. She __________ for groceries all afternoon.
42. He __________ for the new job for the last month.
43. They __________ friends since childhood.
44. We __________ our speech all week.
45. She __________ to fix the problem all day.
46. I __________ the book since last Friday.
47. They __________ their neighbors for the past few months.
48. She __________ on the design since early this year.
49. We __________ for the bus for thirty minutes.
50. He __________ new hobbies for the last few weeks.
51. I __________ every morning for the past month.
52. They __________ the playground for their community.
53. She __________ on her painting for hours.
54. We __________ the project since yesterday.
55. He __________ for his exams all week.
56. I __________ the trip for several months.
57. They __________ for the party for the past week.
58. She __________ that novel since last month.
59. We __________ the charity event for a few weeks.
60. He __________ his journal daily.
61. They __________ together on the project for months.
62. I __________ the documentary all day.
63. She __________ for the competition since January.
64. We __________ our dance routine every day.
65. He __________ the house for the past few days.
66. They __________ for a new house for months.
67. I __________ guitar lessons for a year.
68. She __________ chemistry since the semester started.
69. We __________ on the design project for a while.
70. They __________ their family history for years.
71. He __________ his grandparents every weekend.
72. She __________ on her novel all summer.
73. We __________ the wedding for the last few months.
74. They __________ at the animal shelter every Saturday.
75. I __________ breakfast since early this morning.
76. She __________ on her art project for a few days.
77. They __________ for the exam for weeks.
78. We __________ our English speaking for months.
79. He __________ to play the piano for a year.
80. I __________ new recipes for the past few weeks.
81. She __________ hard for her finals all semester.
82. They __________ for the missing cat all afternoon.
83. We __________ the new policy for hours.
84. He __________ sick for the last few days.
85. I __________ the game since it started.
86. She __________ on her business plan for weeks.
87. They __________ married for ten years.
88. We __________ the garage for the past few hours.
89. He __________ for the race for months.
90. She __________ yoga every morning this week.
91. They __________ the topic for their paper.
92. I __________ for a new job for a while.
93. She __________ letters to her friend all week.
94. We __________ the files for a few hours.
95. He __________ for the entrance exam for months.
96. They __________ in the same class since September.
97. I __________ on the assignment for hours.
98. She __________ articles on health since last year.
99. We __________ the report for the meeting.
100. He __________ the city for the past few days.

Đáp án

1. have been
2. has been reading
3. have been building
4. have been studying
5. has played
6. have lived
7. has been waiting
8. have been renovating
9. have been trying
10. haven’t seen
11. has been working
12. has played
13. has expanded
14. have been reviewing
15. have been learning
16. has been training
17. has been applying
18. have been organizing
19. have been traveling
20. felt
21. has been writing
22. has been working
23. have had
24. have moved
25. has been studying
26. have been watching
27. have chosen
28. has been working out
29. have enjoyed
30. has been talking
31. have been preparing
32. have been cooking
33. has been reading
34. have cleaned
35. have been playing
36. has been writing
37. has been working
38. have studied
39. have been using
40. have been watching
41. has been shopping
42. has been searching
43. have been
44. have practiced
45. has been trying
46. have had
47. have been visiting
48. has been working
49. have been waiting
50. has been exploring
51. have jogged
52. have built
53. has worked
54. have been working
55. has been studying
56. have planned
57. have been preparing
58. has been reading
59. have been organizing
60. has kept
61. have worked
62. watched
63. has been preparing
64. have practiced
65. has cleaned
66. have been looking
67. have taken
68. has studied
69. have worked
70. have researched
71. visits
72. has worked
73. have planned
74. have volunteered
75. have eaten
76. has worked
77. have studied
78. have improved
79. has wanted
80. have tried
81. has studied
82. have searched
83. have discussed
84. has been
85. have played
86. has worked
87. have been
88. have cleaned
89. has trained
90. has practiced
91. have chosen
92. have searched
93. has written
94. have reviewed
95. has studied
96. have been
97. have worked
98. has written
99. have prepared
100. has explored